While PaLM 2 is highly capable, it really shines when fine-tuned on domain-specific knowledge. We recently released Sec-PaLM, fine-tuned for security use cases. It uses AI to better detect malicious scripts, and it can help security experts understand and resolve threats.

Another example is Med-PaLM 2. In this case, it’s fine-tuned on medical knowledge. This fine-tuning achieved a 9X reduction in inaccurate reasoning when compared to the base model, approaching the performance of clinician experts who answered the same set of questions. In fact, Med-PaLM 2 was the first language model to perform at “expert” level on medical licensing exam-style questions, and is currently the state of the art.

We’re also working to add capabilities to Med-PaLM 2, so that it can synthesize information from medical imaging like plain films and mammograms. You can imagine an AI collaborator that helps radiologists interpret images and communicate the results. These are some examples of PaLM 2 being used in specialized domains. We can’t wait to see it used in more, which is why I’m pleased to announce that PaLM 2 is now available in preview.

PaLM 2 is the latest step in our decade-long journey to bring AI in responsible ways to billions of people. It builds on progress made by two world-class research teams, the Brain Team and DeepMind.

Looking back at the defining AI breakthroughs over the last decade, these teams have contributed to a significant number of them: AlphaGo,Transformers, sequence-to-sequence models, and so on. All this helped set the stage for the inflection point we’re at today.

We recently brought these two teams together into a single unit, Google DeepMind. Using the computational resources of Google, they’re focused on building more capable systems, safely and responsibly.

This includes our next-generation foundation model, Gemini, which is still in training. Gemini was created from the ground up to be multimodal, highly efficient at tool and API integrations and built to enable future innovations, like memory and planning. While still early, we’re already seeing impressive multimodal capabilities not seen in prior models.

Once fine-tuned and rigorously tested for safety, Gemini will be available at various sizes and capabilities, just like PaLM 2.